Why do hemorrhoids cause itching?

What are hemorrhoids?

Hemorrhoids is a common condition that affects millions of people worldwide. They are swollen veins in the lower rectum and anus that can cause discomfort, pain, bleeding, and itching. Hemorrhoids can occur both internally and externally, and are often the result of pressure on the veins in the surrounding area. While generally not serious, they can be quite unpleasant and disruptive to daily life.

Internal

Essentially, internal hemorrhoids are swollen veins located within the rectum that can cause discomfort, pain, and bleeding during bowel movements. These hemorrhoids may develop due to straining during bowel movements, chronic constipation, or pregnancy.

External

Unlike internal hemorrhoids, external hemorrhoids are located under the skin around your anus and are much more visible.

Why do hemorrhoids cause itching?

The main reason why hemorrhoids cause itching is because of the inflammation and irritation that occurs in the affected area. When hemorrhoids become inflamed, the skin around the anus can become irritated and itchy. This can be exacerbated by rubbing or scratching the area. Another possible reason why hemorrhoids cause itching is due to the discharge that can result from the condition. This discharge can be irritating to the skin, leading to a persistent itch. Regardless of the cause, itching is a common symptom that can make dealing with hemorrhoids even more challenging.

Other sources of itching

Anal fissures

Anal fissures and itching are both uncomfortable conditions that can affect a person's daily life. Anal fissures are small tears in the lining of the anus that can occur due to constipation, diarrhea, or trauma. They can cause pain, bleeding, and difficulty in passing stool. Itching in the anal region is a common symptom of various underlying conditions such as hemorrhoids, skin irritations, or infections. While usually not serious, these symptoms can still cause a lot of discomfort and embarrassment. Seeking medical attention and treating the underlying causes can alleviate these symptoms and improve one's quality of life.
Infections

Other skin conditions

Eczema, psoriasis, and fungal infections can all lead to anal itching. These conditions can be difficult to diagnose on your own, so it's important to speak with a doctor or dermatologist if you are experiencing persistent itching in this area.

Common Triggers for Hemorrhoid Itching

Note: While it may be tempting to scratch the affected area, this can further exacerbate the problem and potentially lead to infection.

Friction and irritation

One of the most common causes of hemorrhoid itching is friction – this can occur when tight clothing or underwear rubs against the affected area, or when you sit or walk for extended periods of time without taking a break. Itching caused by friction can be particularly frustrating as it can be difficult to find relief.

Moisture and hygiene

One common symptom of hemorrhoids is itching, and it's often related to moisture and hygiene. Because hemorrhoids can cause irritation and swelling in the anal area, excess moisture can make the itching even worse. Poor hygiene can also exacerbate the itching, especially if you don't clean the area properly after bowel movements.

Straining during bowel movements

Itchiness is often triggered by the act of bowel movements, specifically the straining that occurs during defecation. As fecal matter moves through the body, it creates a pressure that can irritate the sensitive skin around the anus. For those with hemorrhoids, this can cause swelling and inflammation that leads to itching and discomfort.

Diet and lifestyle

Our food choices play a significant role in our overall health, and they can also trigger certain health issues such as hemorrhoids. Consuming foods that are low in fiber and high in sugar can cause constipation and thus make it harder to pass stool, adding unnecessary pressure to the anal area, which can lead to hemorrhoids. Moreover, spicy and acidic foods can cause irritation in the digestive system, leading to itchy hemorrhoids.

How to manage anal itching

Practice proper hygiene.

Practicing good hygiene habits, such as washing the area with warm water and avoiding the use of harsh soaps and perfumes, can help alleviate the symptoms. Additionally, using a moistened wipe or gentle cloth to clean the area after using the restroom can also provide relief.

Make dietary changes.

Adding fiber-rich foods such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and staying hydrated can make a significant difference in preventing and treating hemorrhoids.

Consider over-the-counter and prescription treatments

Luckily, there are several over-the-counter and prescription treatments available to help manage this uncomfortable symptom. For minor cases of anal itching, over-the-counter ointments and creams containing hydrocortisone can be effective. Prescription-strength steroid creams may be needed for more severe or persistent cases.

Adjust your lifestyle.

Using moist wipes or a bidet as well as taking a quick shower can help maintain good hygiene and alleviate the itching. Additionally, wearing loose-fitting clothing and avoiding prolonged sitting can also offer some relief. By staying mindful of moisture and practicing good hygiene, you can help alleviate the discomfort of hemorrhoid itching.

When to seek medical care

Warning signs of a more serious issue

While hemorrhoids themselves are not typically a serious health concern, they can be a red flag for other issues that may require medical attention. Some warning signs to watch out for include bleeding during bowel movements, lumps or swelling around the anus, and unexplained pain or discomfort. If you experience any of these symptoms, it's important to talk to your doctor to get a proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Treatment options available through medical intervention

Hemorrhoid embolization

Hemorrhoid embolization is an innovative medical procedure that has gained popularity in recent years. This minimally invasive treatment involves blocking the blood flow to hemorrhoids, causing them to shrink and eventually disappear. Embolization is achieved through the insertion of small particles or coils into the blood vessels that supply the affected area. This is a safe and effective alternative to surgery, which can be invasive and require lengthy recovery time. Hemorrhoid embolization has a high success rate and has been shown to significantly improve symptoms. Patients can expect minimal discomfort and a quick return to their normal activities. If you are suffering from hemorrhoids, embolization may be a treatment option worth considering.