Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

What is an abdominal aortic aneurysm?

An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a bulge or swelling in the aorta, which is a major vessel that supplies blood to the abdomen, pelvis, and legs. This condition is usually asymptomatic and can go unnoticed until it expands or ruptures, which can lead to life-threatening internal bleeding. The larger it grows, the more likely it is to rupture.

Symptoms of an abdominal aortic aneurysm

It’s rare to have symptoms until an individual experiences a rupture. However, when a rupture does occur, the following symptoms appear suddenly:

  • Deep pain in your lower back or side

  • Pain in the groin, legs, or butt

  • Dizziness

  • Nausea

  • Fast heartbeat

  • Shortness of breath

What causes an abdominal aortic aneurysm?

Atherosclerosis contributes to the development of abdominal aortic aneurysms by causing the arterial walls to weaken and become damaged over time. The buildup of cholesterol, fat, and other substances in the arteries leads to the formation of plaques, which can restrict blood flow and increase the pressure on the arterial walls. This chronic pressure and inflammation can ultimately weaken the walls of the abdominal aorta, leading to the development of an aneurysm.

Risk factors of an abdominal aortic aneurysm

Smoking

Smoking is the biggest risk factor that contributes to this condition.

Being a man

The condition also occurs more in men than women. However, outcomes are worse in women¹.

Family history of abdominal aortic aneurysm

Family history of abdominal aortic aneurysm significantly raises the risk of developing this condition. If a first-degree relative, such as a parent or sibling, has had an abdominal aortic aneurysm, your chances of also developing one are notably higher.

How to prevent an abdominal aortic aneurysm

  • Avoid tobacco products

  • Eat a balanced, healthy diet

  • Keep blood pressure and cholesterol under control

  • Exercise at least 150 minutes per week

Treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysm

Patients who are diagnosed with an AAA are evaluated using ultrasound and CT scans. Depending on the size and severity of the aneurysm, MIMIT Health offers the minimally invasive procedure called endovascular stenting.

References

  1. Norman PE, Powell JT. Abdominal aortic aneurysm: the prognosis in women is worse than in men.Circulation. 2007;115:2865–2869