What are submucosal fibroids?

Submucosal fibroids refer to noncancerous growths composed of muscle and fibrous tissue that form in the muscular wall of the uterus.

Unlike other fibroids that can develop on the outer surface or within the uterine muscle, submucosal fibroids grow directly beneath the inner lining of the uterus called the endometrium. Their positioning can greatly impact the uterine cavity and disrupt regular reproductive functions.

How are submucosal fibroids diagnosed?

Submucosal fibroids are typically diagnosed through a pelvic exam, ultrasound, or MRI, and treatment options may include medication, minimally invasive procedures, or surgery. It is important for women with submucosal fibroids to work closely with their healthcare provider to manage symptoms and explore treatment options that best fit their individual needs.

What are symptoms of this type of fibroid?

While submucosal fibroids are typically asymptomatic, many women experience unpleasant and uncomfortable symptoms that significantly impact their quality of life. These fibroids can cause a range of symptoms including heavy menstrual bleeding, prolonged periods, pelvic pain, and pressure. Additionally, since submucosal fibroids are located so close to the lining of the uterus, heavy bleeding is a common symptom.

How will the treatment for submucosal fibroids affect my menstrual cycles and overall well-being?

Submucosal fibroids are a type of uterine fibroid that grows inside the uterus, which means that they can interfere with the way your periods are regulated. However, the effects on your menstrual cycles will largely depend on the specific treatment you undergo. A hysterectomy surgery, which removes your uterus, will end your menstrual cycles. When undergoing the uterine fibroid embolization procedure, you may notice some changes to your cycle. Over time it will return to a more normal pattern, however.

What is the likelihood of submucosal fibroids recurring after treatment?

While treatment options are available to alleviate the symptoms, the likelihood of recurrence remains a concern for many patients. Research has shown that the recurrence rate of submucosal fibroids after treatment ranges from 10% to 30%. Factors such as the size, location, and number of fibroids can increase the likelihood of recurrence.

Additionally, the type of treatment received can also play a role in the likelihood of return. It is important for you to have regular follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider to monitor for any signs of recurrence.

How can fibroids affect my fertility?

Fibroids can affect fertility depending on the type of size and shape of them. By affecting the shape and size of the uterus, submucosal fibroids can interfere with the implantation of a fertilized egg, leading to infertility or recurrent miscarriage. These kinds of fibroids have been shown to reduce the chances of successful pregnancy and increase the risk of miscarriage.

In addition, if a woman with submucosal fibroids does conceive, she may be more likely to experience complications during pregnancy and delivery. While many women with submucosal fibroids may be able to conceive naturally, others may require fertility treatments such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) to help them achieve pregnancy. Most people with fibroids have normal pregnancies without complications.